Character Sets

Using Greek and special characters from Symbol font in HTML

ANSI

MACROMAN

DIFFERENCES

WGL4

SYMBOL

WINGDINGS

Monotype Typography produce their non-Unicode Symbol font in a Windows TrueType^® version which is supplied with Windows XP (and was supplied with Windows 3.1x, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows NT and Windows 2000), a Macintosh TrueType version which is supplied with Mac OS 9, and PostScript^® versions for Windows, Macintosh and UNIX. Netscape Navigator^TM 4 and Microsoft’s Internet Explorer allow the font face to be specified in HTML, and by specifying Symbol the basic Greek alphabet and many other special characters can sometimes be displayed.

This technique is not very reliable and is deprecated in the HTML 4.0 Specification – it seems to work on some operating systems and with some browsers, but with no clear pattern. Even worse, the Macintosh and Windows versions of Symbol font do not use the same numeric character references, and so characters that display correctly on one platform are likely to be incorrect on the other. Some of the more standards-compliant browsers, such as Mozilla, Netscape 7, Opera and Safari, do not support this technique with non-Unicode fonts such as Symbol.

Fortunately, the greatly extended range of character entity references supported in HTML 4.0 together with the increased number of characters in the WGL4 versions of Microsoft’s TrueType fonts provides an easier and more reliable way to display most of characters for which the Symbol font was formerly required. Even more characters are becoming displayable as Unicode support in browsers and fonts becomes more widespread, allowing decimal or hexadecimal numeric references to be used. The fourth and fifth columns in the following tables show how to use Unicode characters that are equivalent to almost all of the characters in Symbol font.

A Unicode version of the Symbol font is supplied with Mac OS X 10.

The following character listings have been produced using the Windows TrueType version of the Symbol font under English Windows 95. Please check the results carefully if you try to use the codes on Macintosh or UNIX systems. If you want to print this page, you will probably need to use landscape orientation.

Unicode ranges containing equivalent characters
Latin-1 Supplement (6) Latin Extended-B (1) Greek (53) General Punctuation (4) Currency Symbols (1) Letterlike Symbols (5)	Arrows (11) Mathematical Operators (39) Miscellaneous Technical (26) Geometric Shapes (1) Miscellaneous Symbols (4)
Character with no Unicode equivalent (1)

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Latin-1 Supplement : Unicode U+0080 – U+00FF (128–255)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
±	<font face="Symbol">±</font>	plus minus	± is ±	± is ±	WGL4
´	<font face="Symbol">´</font>	multiply	× is ×	× is ×	WGL4
¸	<font face="Symbol">¸</font>	divide	÷ is ÷	÷ is ÷	WGL4
Ò	<font face="Symbol">Ò</font>	registered (serif)	® is ®	® is ®	WGL4
Ó	<font face="Symbol">Ó</font>	copyright (serif)	© is ©	© is ©	WGL4
Ø	<font face="Symbol">Ø</font>	not	¬ is ¬	¬ is ¬	WGL4
â	<font face="Symbol">â</font>	registered (sans serif)	® is ®	® is ®	WGL4
ã	<font face="Symbol">ã</font>	copyright (sans serif)	© is ©	© is ©	WGL4

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Latin Extended-B : Unicode U+0180 – U+024F (384–591)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
¦	<font face="Symbol">¦</font>	Florin or Guilder	&fnof; is ƒ	ƒ is ƒ	WGL4

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Greek : Unicode U+0370 – U+03FF (880–1023)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
A	<font face="Symbol">A</font>	capital Alpha	Α is Α	Α is Α	WGL4
B	<font face="Symbol">B</font>	capital Beta	Β is Β	Β is Β	WGL4
G	<font face="Symbol">G</font>	capital Gamma	Γ is Γ	Γ is Γ	WGL4
D	<font face="Symbol">D</font>	capital Delta	Δ is Δ	Δ is Δ	WGL4
E	<font face="Symbol">E</font>	capital Epsilon	Ε is Ε	Ε is Ε	WGL4
Z	<font face="Symbol">Z</font>	capital Zeta	Ζ is Ζ	Ζ is Ζ	WGL4
H	<font face="Symbol">H</font>	capital Eta	Η is Η	Η is Η	WGL4
Q	<font face="Symbol">Q</font>	capital Theta	Θ is Θ	Θ is Θ	WGL4
I	<font face="Symbol">I</font>	capital Iota	Ι is Ι	Ι is Ι	WGL4
K	<font face="Symbol">K</font>	capital Kappa	Κ is Κ	Κ is Κ	WGL4
L	<font face="Symbol">L</font>	capital Lambda	Λ is Λ	Λ is Λ	WGL4
M	<font face="Symbol">M</font>	capital Mu	Μ is Μ	Μ is Μ	WGL4
N	<font face="Symbol">N</font>	capital Nu	Ν is Ν	Ν is Ν	WGL4
X	<font face="Symbol">X</font>	capital Xi	Ξ is &#Xi;	Ξ is Ξ	WGL4
O	<font face="Symbol">O</font>	capital Omicron	Ο is Ο	Ο is Ο	WGL4
P	<font face="Symbol">P</font>	capital Pi	Π is Π	Π is Π	WGL4
R	<font face="Symbol">R</font>	capital Rho	Ρ is Ρ	Ρ is Ρ	WGL4
S	<font face="Symbol">S</font>	capital Sigma	Σ is Σ	Σ is Σ	WGL4
T	<font face="Symbol">T</font>	capital Tau	Τ is Τ	Τ is Τ	WGL4
U	<font face="Symbol">U</font>	capital Upsilon	Υ is Υ	Υ is Υ	WGL4
F	<font face="Symbol">F</font>	capital Phi	Φ is Φ	Φ is Φ	WGL4
C	<font face="Symbol">C</font>	capital Chi	Χ is Χ	Χ is Χ	WGL4
Y	<font face="Symbol">Y</font>	capital Psi	Ψ is Ψ	Ψ is Ψ	WGL4
W	<font face="Symbol">W</font>	capital Omega	Ω is Ω	Ω is Ω	WGL4
a	<font face="Symbol">a</font>	lower case alpha	α is α	α is α	WGL4
b	<font face="Symbol">b</font>	lower case beta	β is β	β is β	WGL4
g	<font face="Symbol">g</font>	lower case gamma	γ is γ	γ is γ	WGL4
d	<font face="Symbol">d</font>	lower case delta	δ is δ	δ is δ	WGL4
e	<font face="Symbol">e</font>	lower case epsilon	ε is ε	ε is ε	WGL4
z	<font face="Symbol">z</font>	lower case zeta	ζ is ζ	ζ is ζ	WGL4
h	<font face="Symbol">h</font>	lower case eta	η is η	η is η	WGL4
q	<font face="Symbol">q</font>	lower case theta	θ is θ	θ is θ	WGL4
i	<font face="Symbol">i</font>	lower case iota	ι is ι	ι is ι	WGL4
k	<font face="Symbol">k</font>	lower case kappa	κ is κ	κ is κ	WGL4
l	<font face="Symbol">l</font>	lower case lambda	λ is λ	λ is λ	WGL4
m	<font face="Symbol">m</font>	lower case mu	μ is μ	μ is μ	WGL4
n	<font face="Symbol">n</font>	lower case nu	ν is ν	ν is ν	WGL4
x	<font face="Symbol">x</font>	lower case xi	ξ is &#xi;	ξ is ξ	WGL4
o	<font face="Symbol">o</font>	lower case omicron	ο is ο	ο is ο	WGL4
p	<font face="Symbol">p</font>	lower case pi	π is π	π is π	WGL4
r	<font face="Symbol">r</font>	lower case rho	ρ is ρ	ρ is ρ	WGL4
V	<font face="Symbol">V</font>	lower case sigma (terminal)	&sigmaf; is ς	ς is ς	WGL4
s	<font face="Symbol">s</font>	lower case sigma	σ is σ	σ is σ	WGL4
t	<font face="Symbol">t</font>	lower case tau	τ is τ	τ is τ	WGL4
u	<font face="Symbol">u</font>	lower case upsilon	υ is υ	υ is υ	WGL4
f	<font face="Symbol">f</font>	lower case phi	φ is φ	φ is φ	WGL4
c	<font face="Symbol">c</font>	lower case chi	χ is χ	χ is χ	WGL4
y	<font face="Symbol">y</font>	lower case psi	ψ is ψ	ψ is ψ	WGL4
w	<font face="Symbol">w</font>	lower case omega	ω is ω	ω is ω	WGL4
J	<font face="Symbol">J</font>	theta symbol	&thetasym; is ϑ	ϑ is ϑ	-
j	<font face="Symbol">j</font>	phi symbol	-	ϕ is ϕ	-
v	<font face="Symbol">v</font>	pi symbol	ϖ is ϖ	ϖ is ϖ	-
¡	<font face="Symbol">¡</font>	upsilon with hook symbol	&upsih; is ϒ	ϒ is ϒ	-

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General Punctuation : Unicode U+2000 – U+206F (8192–8303)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
¢	<font face="Symbol">¢</font>	prime or minutes or feet	′ is ′	′ is ′	WGL4
¤	<font face="Symbol">¤</font>	figure slash (fraction) (/ is normal slash)	&frasl; is ⁄	⁄ is ⁄	WGL4
²	<font face="Symbol">²</font>	double prime or seconds or inches	″ is ″	″ is ″	WGL4
¼	<font face="Symbol">¼</font>	ellipsis	… is …	… is …	WGL4

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Letterlike Symbols : Unicode U+2100 – U+214F (8448–8527)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
À	<font face="Symbol">À</font>	alef symbol	&alefsym; is ℵ	ℵ is ℵ	-
Á	<font face="Symbol">Á</font>	I fraktur	&image; is ℑ	ℑ is ℑ	-
Â	<font face="Symbol">Â</font>	R fraktur	&real; is ℜ	ℜ is ℜ	-
Ã	<font face="Symbol">Ã</font>	Weierstrass	&weierp; is ℘	℘ is ℘	-
Ô	<font face="Symbol">Ô</font>	trade mark (serif)	™ is ™	™ is ™	WGL4
ä	<font face="Symbol">ä</font>	trade mark (sans serif)	™ is ™	™ is ™	WGL4

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Currency Symbols : Unicode U+20A0 – U+20CF (8352–8399)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
ð	<font face="Symbol">ð</font>	euro sign	€ is €	€ is €	WGL4

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Arrows : Unicode U+2190 – U+21FF (8592–8703)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
«	<font face="Symbol">«</font>	arrow left and right	↔ is ↔	↔ is ↔	WGL4
¬	<font face="Symbol">¬</font>	arrow left	← is ←	← is ←	WGL4
	<font face="Symbol"></font>	arrow up	↑ is ↑	↑ is ↑	WGL4
®	<font face="Symbol">®</font>	arrow right	→ is →	→ is →	WGL4
¯	<font face="Symbol">¯</font>	arrow down	↓ is ↓	↓ is ↓	WGL4
¿	<font face="Symbol">¿</font>	carriage return	&crarr; is ↵	↵ is ↵	-
Û	<font face="Symbol">Û</font>	double arrow left and right	⇔ is ⇔	⇔ is ⇔	-
Ü	<font face="Symbol">Ü</font>	double arrow left (implied by)	⇐ is ⇐	⇐ is ⇐	-
Ý	<font face="Symbol">Ý</font>	double arrow up	&uArr; is ⇑	⇑ is ⇑	-
Þ	<font face="Symbol">Þ</font>	double arrow right (implies)	⇒ is ⇒	⇒ is ⇒	-
ß	<font face="Symbol">ß</font>	double arrow down	&dArr; is ⇓	⇓ is ⇓	-

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Mathematical Operators : Unicode U+2200 – U+22FF (8704–8959)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
"	<font face="Symbol">"</font>	for all	∀ is ∀	∀ is ∀	-
$	<font face="Symbol">$</font>	there exists	∃ is ∃	∃ is ∃	-
'	<font face="Symbol">'</font>	such that, small contains as member	-	∍ is ∍	-
*	<font face="Symbol">*</font>	asterisk operator	&lowast; is ∗	∗ is ∗	-
-	<font face="Symbol">-</font>	minus (- is hyphen)	− is −	− is −	WGL4
@	<font face="Symbol">@</font>	approximately equal to, congruent	&cong; is ≅	≅ is ≅	-
\	<font face="Symbol">\</font>	therefore	&there4; is ∴	∴ is ∴	-
^	<font face="Symbol">^</font>	perpendicular	&perp; is ⊥	⊥ is ⊥	-
~	<font face="Symbol">~</font>	similar, tilde operator	&sim; is ∼	∼ is ∼	-
£	<font face="Symbol">£</font>	less than or equal to	≤ is ≤	≤ is ≤	WGL4
¥	<font face="Symbol">¥</font>	infinity	∞ is ∞	∞ is ∞	WGL4
³	<font face="Symbol">³</font>	greater than or equal to	≥ is ≥	≥ is ≥	WGL4
µ	<font face="Symbol">µ</font>	proportional	&prop; is ∝	∝ is ∝	-
¶	<font face="Symbol">¶</font>	partial derivative / partial differential	∂ is ∂	∂ is ∂	WGL4
·	<font face="Symbol">·</font>	bullet operator	-	&#8729 is ∙	WGL4
¹	<font face="Symbol">¹</font>	not equal	≠ is ≠	≠ is ≠	WGL4
º	<font face="Symbol">º</font>	equivalent	&equiv; is ≡	≡ is ≡	WGL4
»	<font face="Symbol">»</font>	almost equal to, asymptotic to	≈ is ≈	≈ is ≈	WGL4
Ä	<font face="Symbol">Ä</font>	circle multiply	&otimes; is ⊗	⊗ is ⊗	-
Å	<font face="Symbol">Å</font>	circle plus	&oplus; is ⊕	⊕ is ⊕	-
Æ	<font face="Symbol">Æ</font>	empty set	∅ is ∅	∅ is ∅	-
Ç	<font face="Symbol">Ç</font>	intersection	∩ is ∩	∩ is ∩	WGL4
È	<font face="Symbol">È</font>	union	∪ is ∪	∪ is ∪	-
É	<font face="Symbol">É</font>	proper superset, superset of	⊃ is ⊃	⊃ is ⊃	-
Ê	<font face="Symbol">Ê</font>	reflex superset (contains or equals), superset of or equal to	&supe; is ⊇	⊇ is ⊇	-
Ë	<font face="Symbol">Ë</font>	not subset	&nsub; is ⊄	⊄ is ⊄	-
Ì	<font face="Symbol">Ì</font>	proper subset, subset of	⊂ is ⊂	⊂ is ⊂	-
Í	<font face="Symbol">Í</font>	reflex subset (contained in or equals), subset of or equal to	&sube; is ⊆	⊆ is ⊆	-
Î	<font face="Symbol">Î</font>	member (element)	∈ is ∈	∈ is ∈	-
Ï	<font face="Symbol">Ï</font>	not a member (not an element)	∉ is ∉	∉ is ∉	-
Ð	<font face="Symbol">Ð</font>	angle	&ang; is ∠	∠ is ∠	-
Ñ	<font face="Symbol">Ñ</font>	nabla or gradient	∇ is ∇	∇ is ∇	-
Õ	<font face="Symbol">Õ</font>	product of	∏ is ∏	∏ is ∏	WGL4
Ö	<font face="Symbol">Ö</font>	square root	√ is √	√ is √	WGL4
×	<font face="Symbol">×</font>	dot operator	⋅ is ⋅	⋅ is ⋅	-
Ù	<font face="Symbol">Ù</font>	logical and	&and; is ∧	∧ is ∧	-
Ú	<font face="Symbol">Ú</font>	logical or	&or; is ∨	∨ is ∨	-
å	<font face="Symbol">å</font>	sum of	∑ is ∑	∑ is ∑	WGL4
ò	<font face="Symbol">ò</font>	integral	∫ is ∫	∫ is ∫	WGL4

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Miscellaneous Technical : Unicode U+2300 – U+23FF (8960–9215)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
¾	<font face="Symbol">¾</font>	horizontal arrow extender	-	⎯ is ⎯	-
á	<font face="Symbol">á</font>	left angle bracket (< is less than)	&lang; is ⟨	〈 is 〈	-
æ	<font face="Symbol">æ</font>	large left parenthesis (top)	-	⎛ is ⎛	-
ç	<font face="Symbol">ç</font>	large left parenthesis (extender)	-	⎜ is ⎜	-
è	<font face="Symbol">è</font>	large left parenthesis (bottom)	-	⎝ is ⎝	-
é	<font face="Symbol">é</font>	large left bracket (top)	-	⎡ is ⎡	-
ê	<font face="Symbol">ê</font>	large left bracket (extender)	-	⎢ is ⎢	-
ë	<font face="Symbol">ë</font>	large left bracket (bottom)	-	⎣ is ⎣	-
ì	<font face="Symbol">ì</font>	large left brace (top)	-	⎧ is ⎧	-
í	<font face="Symbol">í</font>	large left brace (middle)	-	⎨ is ⎨	-
î	<font face="Symbol">î</font>	large left brace (bottom)	-	⎩ is ⎩	-
ï	<font face="Symbol">ï</font>	large brace extender	-	⎪ is ⎪	-
ñ	<font face="Symbol">ñ</font>	right angle bracket (> is greater than)	&rang; is ⟩	〉 is 〉	-
ó	<font face="Symbol">ó</font>	large integral, top	-	⌠ is ⌠	WGL4
õ	<font face="Symbol">õ</font>	large integral, bottom	-	⌡ is ⌡	WGL4
ô	<font face="Symbol">ô</font>	large integral extender	-	⎮ is ⎮	-
ö	<font face="Symbol">ö</font>	large right parenthesis (top)	-	⎞ is ⎞	-
÷	<font face="Symbol">÷</font>	large right parenthesis (extender)	-	⎟ is ⎟	-
ø	<font face="Symbol">ø</font>	large right parenthesis (bottom)	-	⎠ is ⎠	-
ù	<font face="Symbol">ù</font>	large right bracket (top)	-	⎤ is ⎤	-
ú	<font face="Symbol">ú</font>	large right bracket (extender)	-	⎥ is ⎥	-
û	<font face="Symbol">û</font>	large right bracket (bottom)	-	⎦ is ⎦	-
ü	<font face="Symbol">ü</font>	large right brace (top)	-	⎫ is ⎫	-
ý	<font face="Symbol">ý</font>	large right brace (middle)	-	⎬ is ⎬	-
þ	<font face="Symbol">þ</font>	large right brace (bottom)	-	⎭ is ⎭	-
½	<font face="Symbol">½</font>	vertical arrow extender	-	⏐ is ⏐	-

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Geometric Shapes : Unicode U+25A0 – U+25FF (9632–9727)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
à	<font face="Symbol">à</font>	lozenge	&loz; is ◊	◊ is ◊	WGL4

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Miscellaneous Symbols : Unicode U+2600 – U+26FF (9728–9983)

Symbol			Unicode
Character	HTML code for character	Description	Character entity	Numeric reference	WGL4
§	<font face="Symbol">§</font>	clubs	&clubs; is ♣	♣ is ♣	WGL4
¨	<font face="Symbol">¨</font>	diamonds	&diams; is ♦	♦ is ♦	WGL4
©	<font face="Symbol">©</font>	hearts	&hearts; is ♥	♥ is ♥	WGL4
ª	<font face="Symbol">ª</font>	spades	&spades; is ♠	♠ is ♠	WGL4