Copyright (c) 1985 ;  ĩβ.

Emacsϰķļ. Ӧmuleʹ. ԭ Emacs
ϰ. й Emacs ˵ mule.

Emacsһ㶼õCONTROL(ʱǩΪCTRLCTL)META(ʱǩΪ
EDITһ). Ϊʹд:

 C-<chr>  ָסCONTROLͬʱַ<chr>. , C-f ʵ: 
	סCONTROLٻf.
 M-<chr>  ָסMETAEDITͬʱַ<chr>. ûMETAEDIT, 
	<ESC>, ſ, Ȼַ<chr>.  "<ESC>" ָΪ"ALT"
	"ESC"ļ.

ע: ҪʹEmacs, C-x C-c.  (ַ.)
߽">>"ϰʹһ˵. :

>>  ڼC-v (ҳ).
	(һ, סCONTROLͬʱĸv).
	, ÿһҳӦôϷҳ.

עⷭҳʱһݽ, ʹļƶʱһ.

Ҫ֪ļдһطƶһط. Ѿ֪
C-vһҳ. Ϊطһҳ, M-v (סMETAͬʱĸv,
ûMETAEDITʱ<ESC>v).

>>  M-vC-vǰҳ.


* С
---------

Ļʱ:

	C-v	ļĩβһҳ
	M-v	ļʼһҳ
	C-l	ʾʹ괦ĴĻ.

>> ҵסΧ. ȻC-l.
   ٴҵ꿴һΧʲô.


* 
----------------------

ܹĻҳǺõ, һĻζλһȷλ? 
мַʽһ. һַʽ(õ, )Ϊʹ"
", "", "", "ǰ"(EmacsзֱΪC-p, C-n, C-b, C-f). 
õЩָķƶ굽µλ. Щ
ͼαʾ:
 
		 	      , C-p
				  :
				  :
            , C-b ....  ǰλ .... ǰ, C-f
				  :
				  :
			      , C-n

>> ѹƵͼмвC-lʹͼλĻ.  
ĸĺЩһЩ. P"previous" (ǰһ),
N"next"(һ), B"backward"(), F"forward" (ǰ). 
Ĺ궨λ, 㽫һֱʹЩһҪھѧʹ.

>> ü C-n ѹƵ.

>>  C-f ѹƵм䲢 C-p . עһ¹мʱ
   C-p ķӦ.

ɻзֿ. ҪĵĩβҲһз, Ҫ
Լȷ. ļĩβûлзҲȫϷ.

>> һеĿͷʹC-b. C-b. ȻC-fβټǰ.

ԽĻϱԵ±Եʱ, ߽ıԶĻʹִ
Ժ껹λĻ.

>> C-nѹƹĻ±Եһ.

һַһַƶ̫, Ҳһһƶ.  M-f(Meta-f) 
ǰƶһ, M-b ƶһ.

>> 뼸 M-f  M-b. м䴩ʹ C-f  C-b.

ע C-f, C-b  M-f, M-b ĶӦϵ.  Meta Ӣıй
Ĳ,  Control ڻıԪ, 뱻༭޹.  
к;һֲйϵ:  C-a  C-e ƶ׻β,  M-a  M-e 
ӵĿͷβ.

>> Լ C-a, Լ C-e. 
   Լ M-a, Լ M-e.

עظ C-a ʲôҲ, ظ M-aһֱǰ. ?

򵥵ĹƶΪ M-< (Meta Сں), Ϊƶļͷ, Լ
 M-> (Meta ں), Ϊƶļβ. ȲҪ, Ϊһ
Ǻ鷳. ڴСںλڶŵϵԱ shift 
ܼ֮, Ҫõ M-< ͬʱס shift  M-.

ıеλý""(point).  仰˵, ĻϵʾλΪ
ı""λ.

ǼƶС:

	C-f	ǰһַ
	C-b	һַ

	M-f	ǰһ
	M-b	һ

	C-n	Ƶһ
	C-p	Ƶһ

	C-a	Ƶ
	C-e	Ƶβ

	M-a	Ƶӿͷ
	M-e	Ƶӽβ

	M-<	Ƶļͷ
	M->	Ƶļβ

>> Щ鼸. ΪһĻ, 
   ö M-v  C-v .  Щõ.

 Emacs һ, ЩԴһʹǱظִָ
. һָظİ취Ǽ C-u Ȼظ
ȻټҪظִе.  META  EDIT , ʡ 
C-u ظʱס META  EDIT . ȻһЩ
ʹ C-u Ϊκμ϶.

, C-u 8 C-f ǰƶ˸ַ.
	
>> ôʵظ C-n  C-p һһ.

һеǷҳ C-v  M-v. ظʱ,ʹ
Ļıϻ¹ָ(ֹλò), Ƿôҳ. 
ʵϸ.

>>  C-u 8 C-v.

ǲǰĻϾ8?  ¾ô M-v.

ʹX Windows, õEmacsڵұ߿һС
. ڹϻ϶Ծڵı.

>> ڹķм, Ȼס˼Ųƶ.

>> ָԼ붥֮һĵط, Ȼɴ, ٻ
Ҽɴ.


*  EMACS ʧȥӦʱ
--------------------

 Emacs ޵(̫), ʱ Emacs Ӧ, 
 C-g ȫֹĲ. Ҳ C-g һֵظ
, 㲻ִе, żȻ( C-g 
΢ڵʾ.

>>  C-u 100 һֵ100, Ȼ C-g.
   ڼ C-f.  ƶ˶ٸַ?  <ESC> , 
 C-g .

 <ESC> <ESC>, һµĴڸ M-ESC һ
 "disabled command" Ƿִ.  M-ESC Ϊֹ
Ϊ˽ Emacs ֮ǰ㲻һִ, ִ
ܻͿ. ִ M-ESC , ԻشԿո,  
M-ESC ͻῪʼִ.  , 㲻ִ M-ESC, Իش n.

>>  <ESC> <ESC>, Ȼ n.


* 
---------

Emacs м, ÿʾԼı. ֽ׶ûǲҪ漰
ʹöരڵļ. ֪ȥĳЩʾ
ϢĶĴ, ܼ:

	C-x 1	ɵ().

 Control-x 1. C-x 1 ʹڵĴڱȫĻ, ȥ
.

>> ѹƵв C-u 0 C-l.
>>  Control-h k Control-f.
   ԿС, ͬʱһ´ʾ Control-f Ľ.

>>  C-x 1 Կʹʧ.


* ɾ
--------------

ĳЩı, ֱӼ뼴.  Emacs ѿַ A, 7, *, ȵ
ıֱӲ.  <Return> (س) Բһз.

ɾɾոռһַ. ɾڼϱΪ Rubout 
Delete. һ, ɾɾλǰǸַ.

>> һ, 뼸ַɾɾ.  ¸ıļ,
   㲻޸ļ, ޸ĵֻһ(ǵõ
   ļӦȱ).

>> ڼıһֱﵽұ߽粢ȥ. һıĻ
   ʾʱ, ı""һĻ. ұ߽紦ķбָʾ
   .

>> ɾɾıֱпԷһĻΪֹ. оͲ.

>> ƶ굽һеĿͷɾ. ɾǰĻзӶѴ
   ǰһкϲ.  ĺϲпܻ̫, ʱԶ.

>>  <Return> ²ոɾĻз.

ס Emacs Դһظ;Ҳַͨ.

>>  һ --  C-u 8 * .

Ѿѧ˹ Emacs 뼰޸ĵĻ֪ʶ. Ҳһ
ɾһʻһ. ǹɾС:

	ɾ       ɾǰַ
	C-d   	     ɾַ

	M-<Delete>   ɾǰĵ
	M-d	     ɾĵ

	C-k	     ӹλɾβ
	M-k	     ӹλɾӽβ

עɾC-d M-<Delete>M-d  C-fM-f ֵĲйϵ
.  C-k  M-k  C-e  M-e, һһھ.

˵ɾĳЩȻջ, ô?  ʵ, ÿɾ
һַ, Emacs Ϊ.  Ҫ,  C-y (Ӣ
yank).  һطɾı, ƶһطȻ C-y; һ
ƶıĺ÷.  һ˵, ɾıԶ洢ɾ, 
ֻɾһַֻпհ׵Ŀе򲻴.

,  C-n ɴʹƵĻϵĳ.

>> һ, ƶ겢 C-k ɾ.

עⵥ C-k ֻɾе, ڶ C-k ɾб, ʹ.
 C-k һظ, ɾָ.

ոʧıҪĻ԰ջ. Ϊջһ
ɾıǷڹĵǰλô,  C-y.

>> һ;  C-y ı.

԰ C-y ǴӱĶ. ע˼ C-k
ɾıһ, һ C-y Ϳ԰Щ.

>> һ, 뼸 C-k.

ջЩɾı:

>>  C-y.  Ȼѹƶټ C-y. ֱοһЩ
   ı.

ջĳЩı, ɾЩıɾ?  C-y ֻ
ջһαɾ. ıûж.  M-y . 
 C-yõһɾݺ,  M-y Ϳ԰ջصݻǰ
һɾ. ظ M-y Եõ类ɾ. ҵ
ҪջصݺֻҪͿ. 㰴 M-y 㹻, 
صʼλüһɾ.

>> ɾһ, ƶһ, ɾһ. Ȼ C-y ջصڶɾ
   . Ȼ M-y бһɾд.  M-y 
   ʲô.  M-y ֱڶɾֳ, ٶ
   . ҲԸ M-y Ļ򸺵ظ.

* ָ
------

ÿĳ޸Ķϣûʱ, Իָ޸(ָ
ԭ״̬). ָ C-x u. һ, C-x u ָһ޸; 
ظ C-x u ɴ, ÿοԻָһ޸. 
: ɱ仯(ֻƶ), ַͨһ20
ΪһָԼٰ C-x u Ĵ.

>>  C-k ɾ, Ȼ C-x u Ӧ.

C-_ һָ,  C-x u ͬԽ׵ظ. 
ϵĳЩ͵նϲ׿μ. ĳЩ DEC ն
 C-_ ֻͨס CTRL ͬʱ / .

 C-_  C-x u ظͬظִָĴ.


* ļ
-------

Ϊñı༭, һļ. , 
˳ Emacs ʱݾͻᶪʧ. "ҵ"ļİ취ѱ༭ݷļ.
"ҵ"˼ָ Emacs пԿļ, Ҳ̫ϸ˵, ༭
ݼļ. , ʵı༭""ļ֮ǰ
Ե. ʹڲϣһ༭һļʱԲ. ʹ
, EmacsһְԭʼļһԷı༭
Ǵõ.

㿴Ļĵײ㽫ῴһַͷַβ, ַ
"Emacs: TUTORIAL".  Emacs ϰĸļ "TUTORIAL".  
"ҵ"ʲôļ, ļֶط.

ҵļͱļǰѧĲͬǰ
. Ƕַ Control-x ʼ.  һϵе Control-xʼ; 
ļ, Լйص. Ƕ Control-x ͷ
һַ.

ҵļһҪ˵ָҪļ. ǳ"
˶һ"(ڴ, Ϊļ). 

	C-x C-f   ҵĳļ

, Emacs ʾļ. ļĻһл. ʹ΢
! ΢Ŀ֮һ.  <Return> ļʱ΢
Ҫ, ʧ.

>>  C-x C-f, Ȼ C-g.  ȡ΢, 
   ͬʱҲȡʹ΢ C-x C-f . 
   ûҵκļ.

һСļݳĻ. Ա༭Щ. ı
ʱ, 

	C-x C-s   ļ

ʱ Emacs ڵݱдļ.  һαļʱ, ԭʼļ
һļ. ļΪԭʼļ󸽼һ "~" ַ.

ļɺ, Emacs ʾдļ. ӦƵر, 
ϵͳϵ²¶ʧ̫๤ɹ.

>>  C-x C-s ϰ. Ӧڵʾ
   "Wrote .../TUTORIAL".  VMS Ӧʾ"Wrote ...[...]TUTORIAL."

ע: ĳЩϵͳ,  C-x C-s ᶳĻ, 㽫 Emacs Ľһ
.  ָʾһƵĲϵͳ, ˹ܰ C-s ʹ 
Emacs޷.  C-q ԰Ļⶳ. Ľ취
 Emacs ֲ "Spontaneous Entry to Incremental Search" һ.

Ϊļ, ֻҪѾȥ"ҵ". Ȼʼ. 
Ҫ""ļʱ, Emacs ļ. 
ʱ, Ϊڱ༭һļ.


* 
---------

 C-x C-f ҵڶļ, һļ Emacs .  
C-x C-f л.  ַʽ Emacs ڵõļ.

 Emacs ڱļڶݵĶ"". ҵһļͬ
ʱEmacs һµĻ. Ϊ Emacs ڴڵĻб, 


	C-x C-b   г

>> һ C-x C-b.

עÿһ, ҲһӦ༭ļļ
. һЩӦļ. , Ϊ "*Buffer List*" Ļûж
Ӧļ.  C-x C-b ɵĻб.  Emacs ڿ
ıĳ.

>>  C-x 1 ȥб.

ĳļ޸, Ȼҵһļ, ⲻԶһ
ļ. ޸Ľ Emacs , ڸļĻ. ڶļĻ
༭ԵһļĻӰ. ʮ, Ҳζ
Ҫһһļķİ취.  C-x C-f ص
һļĻȻ C-x C-s ̫鷳.  

	C-x s     ĳЩ

C-x s 鿴Իҳ޸ĵ, ÿĻ, C-x s ʾ
Ƿ񱣴(עǰ Control-x ſ Control ٰ s).


* չ
-------------

 Emacs Ҳǿܱŵ control  meta ַ.
Emacsx(ӢeXtend) . չַ:

	C-x	ַչ. һַ.
	M-x	չ. һ.

ЩһԳõ, ոѧЩ. Ѿе
:ļ C-x C-f ҵļ, C-x C-s ڱļ. һ
 Emacsֹͣ༭˳ Emcas, Ϊ C-x C-c. (Ҫ, 
˳ Emacsǰʾ㱣ÿ޸˵ļ.)

C-z ͨʹõʱ˳ Emacs , Ϊȫֹ Emacs. 
ʹ C-z ϵͳ, C-z  Emacs ˳ shell ݻ Emacs; 
ʹ C shell,  fg ָ Emacs(߸һ,  %emacs, 
ҵ emcas ʱҲЧ.) ڲϵͳ, C-z 
һ shell Emacs ֮, Ļ, Ⲣû
"˳" Emacs. , shell "exit"Ǵ shell ص 
Emacs ͨİ취.

׼˳ϵͳʱҪʹ C-x C-c. Ҳ˳ʼ
 Emacs, Ϊ㲻 Emacs ĻЩΪ
ûĽ.

 C-x . Ѿ֪:

	C-x C-f		ҵļ.
	C-x C-s		ļ.
	C-x C-b		г.
	C-x C-c		˳ Emacs.
	C-x u		ָ.

չʹøٵ, ֻĳضģʽʹõ. Щ
ͨ"". һǺ replace-string(ַ滻), 
һַ滻һַ.  M-x, Emacs Ļײʾ 
M-x, ӦüҪõĺ; ڱм"replace-string". ֻҪ
"repl s<TAB>"  Emacs .  <Return> . Ȼ
""--Ҫ滻ַ滻ַ, ÿַԻسβ.


>> ƶ굽Ŀ.
   Ȼ M-x repl s<Return>changed<Return>altered<Return>.

   עѾ changed: Ѿѵһγڹĵ c-h-a-n-g-e-d
   "altered". 


* ״̬
-----------

 Emacs ԥĻײ"Ӧ"ĵط
ʾ. ʾĻй. Ŵеһн״̬. 
״̬е

--**-Emacs: TUTORIAL          (Fundamental)--58%----------------------

һǳõ"Ϣ".

Ѿ֪ļĺ--ҵļ. --NN%-- ĺа
֮ NN ļĻϲ. ļͷĻʾ, ״̬
ʾ --Top--  --00%--.  ļĽβĻʾ, ״̬ʾ--
Bot--.  ༭ļС, ʾһĻ֮, ״̬ʾ--
All--.

ǰǺűʾĶ. ոյļձʱ״̬û
Ǻ, ֻк.

״̬ڵĲ˵ģʽ. ȱʡģʽΪ Fundamental(), 
ģʽ. "Ҫģʽ"һ.  Emacs Ҫ
ģʽڱ༭ͬԺı,  Lisp ģʽ, ıģʽ, ȵ.  
ʱһҪģʽҲֻһҪģʽǻԾ, ״̬
"Fundamental"ĵطҵ. ÿҪģʽʹͬ. 
, ڳмע, ÿԶвͬעͷʽ, ÿ
ҪģʽԲͬķע. ÿҪģʽͬʱҲһ M-x 
չ, Ҳ벻ͬģʽķʽ:  M-x ģʽ-modeԽ
ĳģʽ. , M-x fundamental-mode ǽ Fundamental() ģʽķ
ʽ.

㽫Ҫ༭Ӣıļ, 籾, Ӧʹ Text(ı) ģʽ.

>>  M-x text-mode<Return>.

õ, ѧЩûһܼظı Emacs ı. 
ڿԷֵ M-f  M-b ʱַΪʵһ. Ҫģʽ
: ǱȫصĶ, вͬ.

Ϊ˵õҪģʽİ,  type C-h m.

>> ʹ C-u C-v һλΰѱƵĻ.
>>  C-h m, һ Text ģʽ Fundamental ģʽк.
>>  C-x 1 ȥ.

Ҫģʽ֮ԳΪҪΪдҪģʽ. ƴҪΪǲǸ
Ҫģʽ, ֻǶҪģʽСĵ. ÿҪģʽԶش򿪻
նù㴦ʲôҪģʽ. ԲκδҪģʽ, һҪ
ʯ, ϵļҪģʽ.

һҪģʽܺ, رǵڱ༭Ӣıʱ,  Auto Fill
(Զ)ģʽ. ģʽʱ, Emacs йʱԶڵ֮.
 M-x auto-fill-mode<Return> 򿪴ģʽ.  ģʽʱ, 
 M-x auto-fill-mode<Return> ص. ģʽڹر״̬, 
. "".

>> ڼ M-x auto-fill-mode<Return>.  Ȼһظ"asdf "ֱ
   㿴. мոΪԶֻڿհ״.

߽һ趨Ϊ70ַ,  C-x f ޸. ԰Ҫ
ֵֵ߽.

>> в20 C-x f .  (C-u 2 0 C-x f).
   ȻһЩֿ Emacs ÿ20. Ȼ C-x f ѱ
   Ϊ70.

һм޸, Զ䲻ΪԶ. Ϊ¶һ, 
ڸöм M-q (Meta-q) .

>> ƶ굽һ䲢 M-q.

* 
-----------

Emacs Բַ(ַ򵥴), ǰҲ
. ַĺҵļеλòʹ Emacs ʾֵ
λ. ֲҺͨĲҲͬҪҵַͬʱͿʼ
в. ʼҵ C-s ǰ,  C-r . Ǳæ!
ȲҪ.  C-s ʱע⵽ַ"I-search"Ϊʾ
Ӧ.   Emacs ڽν, ҪҵĶ. 
ֹ.

>> ڼ C-s ʼ, , һĸһĸ, 뵥
   'cursor', ÿĸͣһ¿ƶ
>>   C-s ҵһ "cursor" ĳλ.
>> ڰɾĴοƶ.
>> سֹ.

ע⵽? Emacs ʱͼҵѾĲ
λ. Ϊҵ 'cursor' ĵڶγλֻҪڼ C-s. Ҫ
ַ Emacs Ѿ沢ʧ. ҪֹҲ 
C-g .

ע: ĳЩϵͳ,  C-s ᵼĻ, Ҳ Emacs Ľһ
ʾ. ˵ϵͳһ""Ĺ, ˹ܽ C-s 
 Emacs. ⶳü C-q. Ȼο Emacs ֲ"Spontaneous Entry
to Incremental Search" һҵİ취.

ڽнҵʱɾ, ע⵽ҵַе
һַɾͬʱһصһҵλ. ˵"cu"ʱ
ͣ"cu"ĵһγλ. ʱ㰴ɾɾ˲ϵ"u"
˵"u"֮ǰҵ"u"ĵط.ṩһֲʱ˵Ч
ķʽ.

ڽвʱһ control  meta ַ(йص
--- C-s  C-r), һᱻֹ.

C-s ʼڵǰλԺַĳ. Ҫǰ
ֵַô?   C-r Է. й C-s ĹҲ
 C-r, ֻҵķ෴.


* ര
---------

Emacs һõصͬʱĻʾֻһ.

>> ƶ굽в C-u 0 C-l.

>> ڼ C-x 2 ʹĻΪ. ÿڶʾϰ. ͣ
   ڶ.

>>  C-M-v ײ.
   (û Meta ,  ESC C-v.)

>>  C-x o ("o" Ӣ "other" ) ѹƵײ.
>> ڵײ C-v  M-v ҳ. ȻڶĶЩ˵.

>> ٴμ C-x o ѹƻض. λûڶԭλ.

Բ C-x o л. ÿԼĹλ, ֻһ
ʾ. еͨ༭ڹڴ.

 C-M-v һڱ༭ıͬʱһΪοʱ. 
һֱѹı༭ڽб༭ͬʱԷһ. Ȼ, 
ڵ X ʹ Emacs һһ.

>>  C-x 1 (ڶ) ȥײ.


(ڵײڼ C-x 1 ȥĽǶ. ԰
"ֻһ---ڵĴ")

ҲڲͬʾͬĻ.  C-x C-f һ
ҵһļ, һڱֲ. Զÿѡһļ.

ʹʾͬݵһ취:

>>  C-x 4 C-f ļ. <RETURN>β.  Կָ
   ڵײͬʱҲڵײ.

>>  C-x o ض,  C-x 1 ȥײ.


* ݹı༭ˮƽ
-----------------

ʱν"ݹı༭ˮƽ". ʱ״̬ҪģʽΧԲ
һط. , Կ [(Fundamental)]  
(Fundamental).

Ϊ˳ݹı༭ˮƽ,   M-x top-level<Return>.

>> һ; ӦĻײʾ "Back to top level".

ʵ,һֱָʾϰѾˮƽ(top
level), ڵݹı༭ˮƽ.  M-x top-level һݹı
ˮƽ԰صˮƽ.

 C-g ޷˳ݹı༭ˮƽ, Ϊ C-g ڵݹı༭ˮƽ
ֵһֵ.


* һİϢ
-------------------

Ž̲ͼṩոչ㿪ʼʹ Emacs Ϣ. Ϊ 
Emacs ṩ˼ǿĹ, Բȫ˵. 
ϣһ˽ Emacs ʹ, ΪõĹ㻹˽. Emacs 
ڲ˴. ַͨ Control-h õϢ, 
Control-h ˶"ַ".

Ϊʹð, ַ C-h, Ȼһ˵Ҫİ͵ַ.
·,  C-h ?  Emacs ʾԵõЩ͵İ.
 C-h ȻֲҪ, ֻҪ C-g Ϳȡ.

(һЩطַ C-h ;. ǺܲӦõ, Ա
. ͬʱ,  C-h ĻײʾڰϢ,  
M-x help RET.)


 HELP  C-h c.  C-h һĸc(cʱſ Control ), 
Ȼһַ, Emacs Ϳʾһڴļ˵
.

>>  C-h c Control-p.
   ʾϢӦ

	C-p runs the command previous-line

(C-p  previous-line)"".  Lisp չ 
Emacs ĹʱһҪ; ǰ벻ʱ
Ҳʹ.

ַ C-x C-s (û META  EDIT ) <ESC>v Ҳ
 C-h c ĺ.

ΪõĽϸϢ,  C-h k  C-h c.

>>  C-h k Control-p.

 Emacs ʾ˺˵Լ. Լ
 C-x 1 Ϣ.  㲻ҪϾ, ҲԲοݽ
һЩ༭ټ C-x 1.

һЩõ C-h ѡ:

   C-h f	һ. Ҫ뺯.

>> ż C-h f previous-line<Return>.
   ʾ Emacs йʵ C-p ҵ˵.

   C-h a	. һؼ Emacs г
		˹ؼʵ. Щ Meta-x չ.
		ĳЩ, һгͬõĵַ
		˫ַ.

>>  C-h a file<Return>.

һʾк"file" M-x չ. 
 C-x C-f  C-x C-w ʾ find-file  
write-file Ա.

>>  C-M-v . .

>>  C-x 1 .


* ܽ
-------

ס,  C-x C-c ˳ Emacs.  C-zʱ˵ shell Ȼٷ 
Emacs.

ϰû, һ㲻, Ҫ
ԹԼ -- !



-----

ϰɺܳʱ Emacs ϰ۵õ. 
Stuart CracraftΪԭʼ Emacs д. ķ.

ϰ,  GNU Emacs һ, аȨ, ĳЩ:

Copyright (c) 1985 (Free Software Foundation)

   κκýȡ򴫲ļԭĸƷ, ֻҪȨ˵
   ƴ˵, Ҵ߰˵ٴ.

   ļ޸ĵİ汾, һ, ֻҪ
   ָ˭޸.

 Emacs в, ˼һµ. Ķ Emacs 
ļ COPYING, Ȼһ GNU Emacs ݸ. ͨʹ, 
д͹ϰ(software obstructionism)("
Ȩ")!



